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RECENT ADDITIONS: Key Issues and Outcome Studies Masheb, R. M., Kerns, R. D., Lozano, C., Minkin, M. J., & Richman, S. (2009). A randomized clinical trial for women with vulvodynia: Cognitive-behavioral therapy vs. supportive psychotherapy. Pain , Vol 141(1-2), 31-40. Correspondence Address: Westra, H. A., Arkowitz, H., & Dozois, D. J. A. (2009). Adding a motivational interviewing pretreatment to cognitive behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary randomized controlled trial. Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 23(8), 1106-1117. Correspondence Address: RECENT ADDITIONS: Cogntive Mediation Research Changes in self-schema structure in cognitive therapy for major depressive disorder: A randomized clinical trial. By Dozois, DJ; Bieling, PJ; Patelis-Siotis, I; Hoar, L; Chudzik, S; McCabe, K; & Westra, HA. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Vol 77(6), Dec 2009, 1078-88. Key Finding: Negative cognitive structure (particularly for interpersonal content) has been shown in some research to persist past a current episode of depression and potentially to be a stable marker of vulnerability for depression (D. J. A. Dozois, 2007; D. J. A. Dozois & K. S. Dobson, 2001a). Given that cognitive therapy (CT) is highly effective for treating the acute phase of a depressive episode and that this treatment also reduces the risk of relapse and recurrence, it is possible that CT may alter these stable cognitive structures. In the current study, patients were randomly assigned to CT+ pharmacotherapy (n = 21) or to pharmacotherapy alone (n = 21). Both groups evidenced significant and similar reductions in level of depression (as measured with the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression), as well as automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes. However, group differences were found on cognitive organization in favor of individuals who received the combination of CT+ pharmacotherapy. The implications of these results for understanding mechanisms of change in therapy and the prophylactic nature of CT are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved. The reduction of anxiety vulnerability through the modification of attentional bias: A real-world study using a home-based cognitive bias modification procedure. By See, J; Macleod, CM; Bridle, R. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Vol 118(1), Feb 2009, 65–75. Key Finding: Using a home-based computerized attentional modification program, these researchers experimentally induced attentional bias in response to negative emotional material. Half of the subjects were induced to orient their attention toward threat and the other half away from threat. Those who had been induced to attend away from threat subsequently had lower trait anxiety scores and a decreased state anxiety response to a subsequent naturalistic stressor. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved. Lateral prefrontal cortex mediates the cognitive modification of attentional bias. By Browning, M.; Holmes, E.A.; Murphy, S.E.; Goodwin, G.M.; & Harmer, C.L. Biological Psychiatry, 2010 in press. Key Finding: As in previous studies, attentional bias toward and away from threat was induced in normal subjects using a dot-probe experimental procedure. Subjects subsequently underwent additional experimental procedures while having their brains scanned using fMRI. Findings showed that the previous training had altered activation in the lateral frontal lobes to emotional stimuli. The authors conclude: "This directly supports the proposal that psychological interventions may influence attention via an effect on the prefrontal cortex." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved. . |
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